Carpinus betulus
TAXONOMY
FamilyBetulaceae
GenusCarpinus
Zone4
LEARN MORE
Plants of the World OnlineABOUT
Carpinus betulus, commonly known as the European hornbeam, is a deciduous tree native to Europe and parts of Asia. It is known for its hard, dense wood and attractive foliage, which turns a golden yellow in the fall. The tree can reach heights of up to 30 meters and is often used in hedging and topiary. It has a dormancy period during the winter months.
ALSO KNOWN AS
European Hornbeam
Carpinus betulus f. cucullata
Carpinus betulus f. horizontalis
Carpinus betulus f. incisa
Carpinus betulus f. obtusifolia
Carpinus betulus f. purpurea
Carpinus betulus f. pyramidalis
Carpinus betulus f. quercifolia
Carpinus betulus f. variegata
Carpinus betulus subsp. carpinizza
Carpinus betulus subsp. serrata
Carpinus betulus var. carpinizza
Carpinus betulus var. pendula
Carpinus betulus var. provincialis
Carpinus betulus var. quercifolia
Carpinus betulus var. serrata
Carpinus carpinizza
Carpinus caucasica
Carpinus compressus
Carpinus intermedia
Carpinus nervata
Carpinus quercifolia
Carpinus sepium
Carpinus ulmifolia
Carpinus ulmoides
Carpinus vulgaris
OVERVIEW
VPDCalculate
WaterMoist
SoilLoamy
LightDirect Bright (6 Hours)
Temperature15° C
Humidity60%
Dormancy3 Months
pH6.5
Pressure1,013 mbar
DETAILS
Care Instructions
The European hornbeam thrives in temperate climates with moderate temperatures. It prefers full sun to partial shade and requires regular watering, especially during dry periods. The tree is relatively low-maintenance but benefits from occasional pruning to maintain its shape and health.Soil
Carpinus betulus prefers well-drained loamy soil that is rich in organic matter. The soil should be kept moderately moist but not waterlogged. Good drainage is essential to prevent root rot.Fertilizer
A balanced fertilizer with an N-P-K ratio of 10-10-10 can be applied in the spring to support healthy growth. Fertilize once a year, taking care not to over-fertilize, as this can harm the tree.Repotting
Repotting is generally not necessary for trees planted in the ground. However, if grown in a container, repot every 2-3 years to refresh the soil and provide more space for root growth. Choose a container that is slightly larger than the current one and ensure it has good drainage.Propagation
Carpinus betulus can be propagated by seed or by taking hardwood cuttings in late autumn or winter. Seeds should be stratified before planting to improve germination rates. Cuttings should be taken from healthy, mature wood and planted in a well-draining soil mix.Pruning
Pruning is essential for maintaining the shape and health of the European hornbeam. Prune in late winter or early spring before new growth begins. Remove any dead, diseased, or crossing branches, and thin out crowded areas to improve air circulation.Toxicity
Carpinus betulus is not known to be toxic to pets or humans. All parts of the tree are considered safe, making it a good choice for gardens and landscapes where children and animals are present.Additional
The European hornbeam is highly valued for its hard, durable wood, which is used in furniture making, flooring, and tool handles. It is also a popular choice for creating formal hedges and topiary due to its dense foliage and ability to withstand heavy pruning.REVOLUTIONIZE YOUR PLANT CARE
Make Every Plant Smart
Plant Monitor
STAYS IN YOUR PLANT
Accurately measures the core metrics of your plant – soil moisture, light, temperature and humidity - as well as compound metrics such as Vapor Pressure Deficit (VPD) and Growing Degree Days (GDD).
Shop Now
