Papaver somniferum
TAXONOMY
FamilyPapaveraceae
GenusPapaver
Zone8
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Plants of the World OnlineABOUT
Papaver somniferum, commonly known as the opium poppy, is an annual plant in the family Papaveraceae. It is native to the Mediterranean region but is now cultivated worldwide. The plant is known for its beautiful flowers and its seeds, which are used in baking. However, it is also the source of opium, from which morphine and other opioids are derived.
ALSO KNOWN AS
Afion
Common Garden Poppy
Opium Poppy
Papaver album
Papaver album-nigrum
Papaver amoenum
Papaver amplexicaule
Papaver indehiscens
Papaver officinale
Papaver opiiferum
Papaver paeoniflorum
Papaver somniferum var. album
Papaver somniferum var. nigrum
Papaver sylvestre
OVERVIEW
WaterDry
SoilLoamy
LightDirect Bright (6 Hours)
Temperature18° C
Humidity50%
GDD1,800
pH6.5
Pressure1,013 mbar
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DETAILS
Care Instructions
Papaver somniferum prefers full sun and moderate temperatures. It should be watered when the soil is dry, but it does not tolerate waterlogged conditions. The plant thrives in temperate climates and requires moderate humidity. It is best grown outdoors where it can receive plenty of direct sunlight.Harvest
Papaver somniferum, commonly known as the opium poppy, should be harvested when the seed pods have matured and turned a light brown color, typically 90-120 days after planting. To harvest, carefully cut the seed pods from the plant using a sharp knife or scissors. It is important to handle the pods gently to avoid damaging them. After harvesting, the pods can be dried and the seeds can be collected for culinary use or replanting. Ensure that the plant is grown and harvested in compliance with local regulations, as it is controlled in many regions due to its potential for producing opiates.Soil
The opium poppy prefers well-draining loamy soil with a slightly acidic to neutral pH. It does not tolerate heavy clay soils or waterlogged conditions. Good drainage is essential to prevent root rot.Fertilizer
A balanced fertilizer with a nutrient composition of 5-10-10 is suitable for Papaver somniferum. Fertilize the plant once at the beginning of the growing season and again when it starts to flower.Repotting
As an annual plant, Papaver somniferum does not require repotting. However, if started indoors, seedlings can be transplanted outdoors once they are strong enough and the risk of frost has passed.Propagation
Papaver somniferum is typically propagated by seeds. Sow the seeds directly in the garden in early spring or late fall. The seeds require light to germinate, so do not cover them with soil.Pruning
Pruning is not necessary for Papaver somniferum. However, deadheading spent flowers can encourage more blooms and prevent self-seeding if that is not desired.Toxicity
All parts of Papaver somniferum are toxic if ingested, particularly the latex, which contains alkaloids such as morphine and codeine. It is toxic to both pets and humans if consumed in large quantities.Additional
Papaver somniferum is not only valued for its ornamental flowers but also for its seeds, which are used in baking and cooking. However, cultivation of this plant is regulated in many countries due to its potential use in producing opium.REVOLUTIONIZE YOUR PLANT CARE
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