Zea mays, commonly known as maize or corn, is a staple cereal grain first domesticated by indigenous peoples in southern Mexico about 10,000 years ago. It is an annual plant in the Poaceae family and the genus Zea. Maize is a versatile crop grown for its kernels, which are used for food, fodder, and industrial products. It thrives in seasonally dry tropical climates.
Maize requires full sun and should be planted in an area that receives direct bright light for most of the day. It prefers moderate temperatures and high humidity. Regular watering is essential, but the soil should be allowed to dry out partially between waterings. Ensure good air circulation to prevent fungal diseases.
収穫
Zea mays, commonly known as maize or corn, is typically ready for harvest about 100 days after planting. The optimal time to harvest is when the kernels are fully mature, usually indicated by the husks turning brown and the kernels being firm and plump. To harvest, the ears should be picked by hand, twisting them off the stalk. It is important to harvest during dry weather to prevent mold and spoilage. After harvesting, the ears should be dried properly if they are intended for storage.
土壌
Maize grows best in well-draining loam soil that is rich in organic matter. The soil should be kept moderately moist but not waterlogged. A slightly acidic to neutral pH is ideal for optimal growth.
肥料
Maize benefits from a balanced fertilizer with an N-P-K ratio of 10-10-10. Fertilize at planting and then periodically throughout the growing season to support vigorous growth and high yields.
植え替え
Maize is not typically repotted as it is an annual plant. Instead, it is grown directly in the ground or in large containers that can accommodate its extensive root system.
伝搬
Maize is propagated by seeds. Plant seeds directly in the soil after the last frost when the soil has warmed. Space seeds adequately to allow for proper growth and development.
剪定
Pruning is not required for maize. However, removing any damaged or diseased leaves can help maintain plant health.
毒性
Maize is not toxic to pets or humans. All parts of the plant are generally safe, although the kernels are the primary edible part.
追加
Ensure maize plants are spaced properly to allow for adequate air circulation and light penetration. This helps prevent diseases and promotes healthy growth. Regularly check for pests and diseases, and take appropriate action if any issues are detected.