Camellia sinensis, commonly known as the tea plant, is a species of evergreen shrub or small tree in the family Theaceae. Native to East Asia, it is the source of tea leaves used to produce green, black, white, and oolong teas. The plant thrives in subtropical climates and can grow up to 3 meters in height. It has glossy, dark green leaves and produces fragrant white flowers. The plant undergoes a dormancy period of about 2 months during the winter.
Camellia sinensis requires bright, indirect light and moderate temperatures. It prefers high humidity and should be watered regularly to keep the soil evenly moist. Avoid letting the soil dry out completely. The plant can be grown both indoors and outdoors, but it should be protected from direct, harsh sunlight.
Oogst
Camellia sinensis, commonly known as the tea plant, is typically harvested when the new leaves and buds are young and tender. The best time to harvest is during the flushes, which occur in the spring and summer. The first flush, known as the 'first flush,' is highly prized for its delicate flavor. Harvesting is done by hand-picking the top two leaves and a bud, which ensures the highest quality tea. It is important to avoid damaging the plant during harvest to ensure continued growth and productivity. After harvesting, the leaves undergo various processes such as withering, rolling, and drying to produce different types of tea.
Bodem
The tea plant prefers well-draining, loamy soil with a slightly acidic pH. A mix of loam and organic matter works well. Ensure the soil remains moist but not waterlogged to prevent root rot.
Kunstmest
Use a balanced fertilizer with a nutrient composition of 4-8-4. Fertilize the plant every 4-6 weeks during the growing season to support healthy growth and leaf production.
Verpotten
Repot Camellia sinensis every 2-3 years or when it outgrows its current container. Choose a pot that is slightly larger than the previous one and ensure it has good drainage. Repot in the early spring before new growth begins.
Voortplanting
Propagate the tea plant through semi-hardwood cuttings taken in late summer. Dip the cuttings in rooting hormone and plant them in a well-draining soil mix. Keep the cuttings in a humid environment until they establish roots.
Snoeien
Prune Camellia sinensis in late winter or early spring to maintain its shape and encourage new growth. Remove any dead or diseased branches and thin out crowded areas to improve air circulation.
Toxiciteit
Camellia sinensis is not toxic to pets or humans. However, consuming large quantities of tea leaves can cause gastrointestinal discomfort due to the caffeine content.
Aanvullend
To enhance the flavor of the tea leaves, consider growing the plant in a slightly shaded area. This mimics the natural growing conditions of high-quality tea plants and can improve the taste of the harvested leaves.
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