Medicago sativa
TAXONOMY
FamilyFabaceae
GenusMedicago
Zone4
LEARN MORE
Plants of the World OnlineABOUT
Medicago sativa, commonly known as alfalfa, is a perennial flowering plant in the legume family Fabaceae. It is native to warmer temperate climates and is widely cultivated as a forage crop. Alfalfa is known for its high nutritional value and is often used in animal feed. It can be grown as either a perennial or annual plant depending on the climate and farming practices.
ALSO KNOWN AS
Alfalfa
Medicago asiatica subsp. sinensis
Medicago praesativa subsp. spontanea
Medicago sativa f. sativa
Medicago sativa var. grandiflora
Medicago sativa var. tibetana
Medica sativa
OVERVIEW
VPDCalculate
WaterDry
SoilLoamy
LightDirect Bright (6 Hours)
Temperature20° C
Humidity50%
GDD1,050
Dormancy3 Months
pH6.8
Pressure1,013 mbar
DETAILS
Care Instructions
Alfalfa requires full sun and thrives in temperate climates. It prefers moderate temperatures and can tolerate a range of humidity levels. Regular watering is necessary, but the soil should be allowed to dry out between waterings. Alfalfa is relatively easy to care for and does not require frequent attention.Harvest
Medicago sativa, commonly known as alfalfa, is typically harvested when it reaches the early bloom stage, which is when about 10% of the flowers have bloomed. This stage ensures a good balance between yield and nutritional quality. Harvesting is usually done using a mower or a swather to cut the plants, followed by drying the cut material in the field to reduce moisture content before baling. It is important to avoid harvesting during wet conditions to prevent mold and spoilage. Multiple harvests can be done in a growing season, typically every 30-35 days, depending on the growth rate and climatic conditions.Soil
Alfalfa prefers well-draining loam soil with a neutral to slightly acidic pH. It can tolerate a range of soil types but performs best in fertile, well-drained soils. Good drainage is essential to prevent root rot and other soil-borne diseases.Fertilizer
Alfalfa benefits from a balanced fertilizer with a nutrient composition of 2-1-2. Fertilize the plant at the beginning of the growing season and again mid-season to promote healthy growth. Avoid over-fertilizing as it can lead to excessive foliage growth at the expense of root development.Repotting
Alfalfa can be repotted if necessary, although it is typically grown directly in the ground. If growing in containers, repot when the plant outgrows its current pot, usually every 1-2 years. Choose a pot that is slightly larger than the current one and ensure it has good drainage.Propagation
Alfalfa can be propagated by seeds or cuttings. The best time to propagate is in the spring or early summer. Sow seeds directly into the soil or start them indoors and transplant them once they have developed a few true leaves. Cuttings can be taken from healthy plants and rooted in a well-draining soil mix.Pruning
Pruning is not typically required for alfalfa. However, if the plant becomes too tall or leggy, it can be trimmed back to encourage bushier growth. Prune after the first cutting to promote regrowth and improve yield.Toxicity
Alfalfa is not toxic to pets or humans. It is commonly used as animal feed and is safe for consumption. However, it is always best to monitor pets and children to ensure they do not ingest large quantities of any plant material.Additional
Alfalfa is known for its nitrogen-fixing abilities, which can improve soil fertility. It is often used in crop rotation to enhance soil health. Additionally, alfalfa has deep roots that help to break up compacted soil and improve water infiltration.REVOLUTIONIZE YOUR PLANT CARE
Make Every Plant Smart
Plant Monitor
STAYS IN YOUR PLANT
Accurately measures the core metrics of your plant – soil moisture, light, temperature and humidity - as well as compound metrics such as Vapor Pressure Deficit (VPD) and Growing Degree Days (GDD).
Shop Now
